Libetri tsa Lithium Ion li na le Eng?

KaJake Morrison, Sengoli sa Hardware|Sarah Chen|Mike Patterson
E hatisitsoe:La 8 Hlakola, 2025

Ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e ka nchafatsoang matsatsing ana e sebelisa libeteri tsa lithium ion. Mohala oa hau, ho hlakile. Laptop. Li-earbud tseo mohlomong u li apereng hona joale. Theknoloji e ile ea qala ka 1991 ha Sony e rekisa lisele tsa pele tsa lithium ion bakeng sa lik'hamera, 'me esale e ja sehlopheng se seng le se seng sa sehlahisoa ho tloha ka nako eo.

Batho ba botsa "ke eng e nang le libeteri tsa lithium ion" ba lebeletse lethathamo le bonolo, empa karabo ea sebele ke: tsamaea u shebe ho pota-pota ntlo ea hau. Bala lisebelisoa tse ka nchafatsoang. Ke karabo ya hao.

Libetri tsena li boloka matla ka ho koala li-ion tsa lithium ho ea pele le ho ea morao pakeng tsa li-electrode tse peli-anode ho cathode ha li tsoa, fetola tsela ha u li hokela. Kemistri e utloahala e rarahane empa sephetho se hlakile: matla a mangata sebakeng se senyenyane ho feta kamoo mefuta ea khale ea betri e neng e ka khona ho e laola.

What Has Lithium Ion Batteries

Mabaka a mararo. Matla a matla a feta tsohle. Lithium ion cell e nka 150-250 watt-lihora ka k'hilograma. Bapisa seo le nickel-cadmium mohlomong 40-60 Wh/kg. Eseng le haufi.

Ea bobeli, ha ho na phello ea mohopolo. Hopola lifono tsa khale tse se nang mohala moo u neng u tlameha ho ntša betri ka botlalo kapa e ka "lebala" matla a eona a felletseng? Lithium ion ha e etse joalo. E lefise neng kapa neng. Taba ea boraro, ha ba itšebetsa ka matla-ba itšehla thajana ba lutse shelefong, ba lahleheloa ke 2-3% ka khoeli ha ba bapisoa le 20% ea libeteri tsa NiMH.

Litšenyehelo le tsona li ile tsa theoha. Morao koana lilemong tsa bo-1990 libeteri tsena li ne li tura hoo li neng li sebelisoa ke lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki feela. Hona joale li theko e tlase ho lekana lijajara tsa USB tsa lebenkele la lidolara. Hantle, baratosho lekane-e ntse e le turu ho feta alkaline, empa ho tjhajwa hape ho lefa kapele.

Li-smartphone li tsamaisa pakete. iPhone 15 Pro e na le betri ea 3,274 mAh. Samsung Galaxy S24 Ultra e hola ho 5,000 mAh. Fono e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ho tloha ho $50 ea mefuta e lefelloang pele ho ea ho $1,500 e sebelisa lithium ion{12}}hangata lithium cobalt oxide (LCO) khemistri hobane e holisa bokhoni libakeng tse patisaneng.

Lilaptop li sebelisa libeteri tse kholoanyane, hangata 50-80 Wh bakeng sa li-ultrabook, ho fihla ho 100 Wh bakeng sa liteishene tsa mosebetsi. Haele hantle, 100 Wh ke moeli oa molao oa ho tsamaisa libeteri ka lifofane ntle le tumello e khethehileng, ke ka lebaka leo baetsi ba li-laptop ba lebisang palo eo. FAA e behile molao oo kamora hore betri ea lithium e chese lifofaneng ka bo-2000.

Matlapa a oela lipakeng tsa-iPad Pro e na le hoo e ka bang 40 Wh. Kindle Paperwhite? Betri e nyane ea 6 Wh e nka libeke hobane e{4}enke e bonts'a matla a ho noa.

Ebe ho na le lintho tse ling kaofela. Litoeba le likonopo (hangata li AAA-liseli tsa lithium ion tse boholo). Libui tsa Bluetooth-JBL, Ultimate Ears, Bose, kaofela lithium ion. Balaoli ba lipapali. Li-smartwatches. Li-trackers tsa boikoetliso. Lik'hamera tsa ts'ireletso tse se nang mohala. Likotlolo tsa mamati tsa video. Borashe ba meno ba motlakase. The Oral{11}}B iO series e sebelisa lithium battery e ntle bakeng sa libeke tse peli lipakeng tsa tefiso.

AirPods Pro e na le 1.98 Wh ea matla a betri a kopantsoeng pakeng tsa li-earbuds le kesi. E leng se sa utloahaleng eka ke ntho e ngata ho fihlela u hlokomela hore ba matlafatsa ho hlakola lerata le sebetsang, ts'ebetso ea molumo oa sebaka, le khokahanyo ea waelese ka lihora tse ngata.

What Has Lithium Ion Batteries

Likoloi tsa motlakase li fetotse sekala ka botlalo. Tesla Model 3 Long Range e na le betri ea 75 kWh{3}eo ke lihora tse 75,000 watt-kapa libeteri tse ka bang 1,500 tsa matla a smartphone. Betri e le 'ngoe e boima ba lik'hilograma tse ka bang 1,000.

Li-EV tse ngata li sebelisa nickel manganese cobalt (NMC) kapa lithium iron phosphate (LFP) chemistry ho e-na le cobalt{0}}lisele tse boima tsa mehala. NMC e fana ka matla a matle a matla le botsitso bo betere ba mocheso. LFP e bolokehile ho feta 'me e nka nako e telele-BYD le Tesla ka bobeli li sebelisa LFP bakeng sa mefuta e tloaelehileng ea mefuta hona joale. Thekiso{{5}e fokotsa matla a fokolang, kahoo o hloka lisele tse ngata bakeng sa mefuta e tšoanang.

Ford F-150 Lehalima le fumaneha ho fihla ho 131 kWh. Rivian R1T e ea ho 135 kWh ho tlhophiso ea Max Pack. Lucid Air Dream Range e batla 112 kWh mme e fumana sebaka sa EPA sa lik'hilomithara tse fetang 500 hobane lienjene tsa bona le lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki li sebetsa ka bohlanya.

Libaesekele tsa motlakase li ntse li eketseha. Libaesekele tsa Rad Power hangata li sebelisa lipakete tsa 48V 14Ah (672 Wh). Libaesekele tse holimo-tse- tse tsoang ho Specialized or Trek li sebelisa libeteri tse 500{9}}700 Wh. E{10}li-scooter li nyenyane-Xiaomi M365 e sebelisa 280 Wh, Bird le Lime scooters tse hiriloeng li sebelisa mekhoa e tšoanang.

Lithuthuthu tsa motlakase li ntse li le monate empa li ntse li hola. Zero Motorcycles SR/F e na le betri ea 14.4 kWh. Energica Ego+ e sutumelletsa 21.5 kWh. Ha hoa lekana bakeng sa maeto a malelele a litsela tse kholo, empa ho fihla moo.

Likepe le tsona lia tla. X Shore Elex 8000 sekepe sa motlakase se tsamaisa pakete ea betri ea 125 kWh. Sekepe sa Candela C-8 hydrofoil se sebelisa 44 kWh le "lintsintsi" ka holim'a metsi ho fokotsa ho hula. Arc Sport electric wakeboard boat e ne e le $300,000 lekhetlo la ho qetela ha ke hlahloba.

Phetoho ena e etsahetse kapele. Lilemong tse mashome a mabeli tse fetileng, likonteraka tse matla li ile tsa tšeha lithulusi tse se nang mohala. Kajeno? Milwaukee, DeWalt, Makita, Bosch-kaofela ha bona ba tsamaile lithium.

Sistimi ea DeWalt's FlexVolt e tsamaisa 20V kapa 60V ho latela sesebelisoa. Sethala sa M18 sa Milwaukee se na le lisebelisoa tse fetang 200 tse arolelanang sistimi e tšoanang ea betri. Libetri tsa tsona tse Phahameng ka ho Fetisisa li na le matla a 12 Ah{7}}e lekaneng hore li ka sebelisa lisakha tse pota-potileng ka makhetlo a mangata.

Thepa ea motlakase ea kantle e ile ea latela. Ego Power Plus e etsa mochini o kutang mohloa oa betri o sebelisa pakete ea 56V 7.5 Ah (420 Wh). Li-trimmers tsa bona tsa likhoele, li-blower makhasi, esita le li-snow blowers li tsamaisa sethala se tšoanang sa betri. Ryobi e na le sistimi ea 40V. Greenworks e fana ka likhetho tsa 60V le 80V bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse kholoanyane.

Li-vacuum tsa liroboto le li-mowers tsa mohloa li sebelisa libeteri tse nyane kaha li itjhaja ka bo eona. Roomba j{1}} e na le hoo e ka bang 60 Wh. Husqvarna Automower e sebelisa 18V lithium ion, bokhoni bo fapana ho ea ka mohlala.

Thepa ea litsebi e ntse e hōla. Milwaukee e etsa betri ea mokotla e fanang ka 300 Wh bakeng sa ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tse ngata libakeng tsa mosebetsi. Stihl e fana ka li-chainsaws tsa betri tse matla ka ho lekaneng bakeng sa mosebetsi oa sefate sa khoebo.

Li-concentrator tsa oksijene tse nkehang li bohlokoa ho batho ba nang le maemo a phefumolohang. Inogen One G5 e sebelisa betri ea lithium ion e fanang ka lihora tsa 3-6 tsa ts'ebetso ho itšetlehile ka litlhophiso tsa phallo. Phillips Respironics Simply Go Mini sepheo sa lihora tse ka bang 4.5.

Mechini ea CPAP bakeng sa ho koaleha moea ka nakoana borokong e ntse e fana ka likhetho tsa betri. ResMed AirMini leeto la CPAP le ka tima libeteri tsa kantle tsa lithium. E thusa bakeng sa ho kampa kapa ho tima ha motlakase.

Lithuso tsa ho utloa li fetohetse ho lithium e nchafalitsoeng haufinyane. Phonak Audeo Paradise e lefella bosiu bo le bong 'me e nka lihora tse 16+. Starkey Evolv AI ts'ebetso e ts'oanang. Ho molemo ho feta ho phopholetsa lisele tse nyane tsa zinc{4}}ka matsatsi a mang le a mang.

Thepa ea ho lekola khatello ea mali{0}}lisebelisoa tsa khatello ea mali, lisebelisoa tsa glucose, tse nkehang habobebe tsa ECG{1}}tse ngata li khona ho tjhaja hape. AliveCor KardiaMobile e tlaleha li-ECG ka mohala, e sebetsa ka sele e nyane ea lithium e tšoarellang likhoeli.

Lipompo tsa infusion, lisebelisoa tsa ho buoa, lisebelisoa tsa ho hlahloba mafu tse sebelisoang lipetlele-libetri tse ngata tsa lithium ion kapa mefuta ea motlakase e nkehang habonolo. Lisebelisoa tsa matla tsa ho buoa tsa Stryker System 8 li sebelisa libeteri tsa lithium ion, tse hloekisitsoeng tse tiisitsoeng bakeng sa tšebeliso ea phaposi ea ho buoa.

Lisebelisoa tse kentsoeng ke sehlopha se fapaneng ka ho felletseng. Li-pacemaker tse ling tse ncha li sebelisa libeteri tsa lithium ion tse tjhajoang hape tse qosoang ka transcutaneously (ka letlalo) li sebelisa induction. Medtronic e na le mehlala moo betri e nchafatsoang ntle le waelese hang ka beke ho fapana le ho hloka ho buoa lilemo tse ling le tse ling tse 7-10.

What Has Lithium Ion Batteries

Tesla Powerwall 2 e boloka 13.5 kWh, e bitsa chelete e ka bang $ 11,000 e kentsoeng. Powerwall 3 e tsoile haufinyane ka kopanyo e betere. Generac PWRcell e fana ka 9-18 kWh modular systems. LG Chem RESU e tloha ho 10-16 kWh ho latela tlhophiso.

Libetri tsena tsa lapeng li kopane le liphanele tsa letsatsi-li boloka matla a mangata nakong ea motšehare, li sebelise bosiu. Hape fana ka backup nakong ea ho tima haeba e hlophisitsoe hantle. Ha se litsamaiso tsohle tse sebetsang nakong ea ho tima; ho itšetlehile ka setupo sa inverter.

California e laela matla a letsatsi malapeng a macha, kahoo ho amoheloa ha betri ho ntse ho eketseha moo. Hawaii e na le litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa motlakase hammoho le letsatsi le lengata, ho etsa hore moruo oa letsatsi + oa polokelo o sebetse hantle. Texas e bile le ho hloleha hoa grid ka 2021 e ileng ea tsosa thahasello ho libeteri tsa lapeng.

Mehaho ea khoebo e ea kholoanyane. Lebenkele la korosari le ka kenya 50{3}}100 kWh ea libeteri bakeng sa taolo ea tefiso e batloang haholo. Litsi tsa data li sebelisa likamore tsa betri tse boholo ba megawate bakeng sa matla a ho boloka, ho fetola kapa ho tlatselletsa lijenereithara tsa diesel.

Sekala sa lisebelisoa se hlaha. The Moss Landing Energy Storage Facility e California e na le 3,000 MWh ea matla-eo ke limilione tse 3 tsa kilowatt-ea lihora, kapa e lekaneng ho fana ka motlakase malapeng a ka bang 225,000 ka lihora tse 'maloa. E sebelisa liyuniti tsa Tesla Megapack, e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e na le sets'oants'o sa thomello-betri ea boholo ba 3 MWh.

Hornsdale Power Reserve ea Australia e ne e le e 'ngoe ea libeteri tsa pele tse kholo tsa grid, e hahiloeng ke Tesla ka 2017 ka 150 MWh. E 'nile ea atolosoa ho tloha ka nako eo. Litsamaiso tsena li tsitsisa maqhubu a marang-rang, li boloka matla a ka nchafatsoang, li fokotsa tlhoko ea limela tse phahameng tsa khase ea tlhaho.

Lisebelisoa tsa UPS (motlakase o sa senyeheng) ka tloaelo li ne li sebelisa libeteri tsa asiti-. E boima, e hlokehang ho khutlisa lilemo tse ling le tse ling tse 3-5, e ne e na le lintho tse chefo. Lisebelisoa tsa Lithium ion UPS tse tsoang APC, Eaton, Vertiv li nka nako e telele, li nka sebaka se senyenyane, boima bo fokolang. Litsi tsa data haholo-holo joalo ka ho fokotsa boima ba 'mele ho bolela hore ho na le moroalo o fokolang oa sebopeho meahong.

Li-drones le li-quadcopter{{0}DJI li laola 'maraka ona. Li-drones tsa bona li tsamaisa libeteri tsa lithium polymer (LiPo), tseo ka botekgeniki e leng mofuta oa lithium ion ka polymer electrolyte. DJI Mini 3 Pro e sebelisa betri ea 2453 mAh nako e ka bang metsotso e 34 ka sefofane. Li-drones tse kholoanyane joalo ka Inspire 2 li na le libeteri tse peli tsa 98 Wh.

Lifofane tsa profeshenale bakeng sa ho lekola, ho hlahloba, ho tlisoa{0}kaofela li sebelisa libeteri tsa lithium. Li-drones tsa tlhahiso ea bongaka ea Zipline Afrika li sebelisa lithium ion. Li-prototype tsa drone tsa Amazon li li sebelisa.

Lisebelisoa tsa sepakapaka lia eketseha. Lifofane tsa motlakase lia tla. Pipistrel Velis Electro e na le libeteri tsa lithium-sefofane sa pele sa motlakase se netefalitsoeng bakeng sa koetliso ea sefofane Europe. Beta Technologies le Joby Aviation ba nts'etsapele litekesi tsa moea tsa motlakase tse tsamaisoang ke lipakete tse kholo tsa lithium.

Lisathelaete le li-spacecraft li sebelisa libeteri tse khethehileng tsa lithium ion tse hahiloeng ho pholoha vacuum, mahlaseli, mocheso o feteletseng. International Space Station e na le libeteri tsa lithium ion tse nkang sebaka sa nickel ea khale-hydrogen cell. Module ka 'ngoe ea betri e boima ba lik'hilograma tse 400+.

Lisebelisoa tsa sesole-likhalase tsa mahlo tsa bosiu, liea-le-moea tse bohlale, lisebelisoa tsa GPS, kaofela li sebelisa libeteri tsa lithium hona joale. Matla a matla a betere a bohlokoa ha masole a nkile lisebelisoa ka matsatsi. Radio ea AN/PRC-163 e sebelisa libeteri tsa lithium ion tse nchafalitsoeng.

Lik'hamera le lisebelisoa tsa lifoto{0}}lik'hamera tse se nang seipone ho tsoa ho Sony, Canon, Nikon all lithium ion. Sony A7 IV e sebelisa libeteri tsa NP-FZ100 ho 16.4 Wh e le 'ngoe. Mabone a profeshenale-Aputure 300d LED mabone a sebetsa ka V-mount lithium battery (98 Wh standard size). Li-microphone tse se nang mohala, li-monitor tsa video, ntho e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e nkehang ka har'a tlhahiso ea lifilimi / lifoto.

What Has Lithium Ion Batteries

Lihlahisoa tse ncha tsa betri{0}li atisa ho ba le khokahanyo ea Bluetooth kapa Wi{{1}Fi. O ka sheba boemo ba betri fonong ya hao. Lisebelisoa tsa motlakase tsa Ego li bonts'a boemo ba tefiso ho app. Lisebelisoa tsa Ryobi le tsona. Tesla e u lumella ho lekola betri ea koloi ea hau le ho tjhaja u le hole.

Sistimi ea taolo ea betri e bohlale (BMS) e etsa mosebetsi o mongata. Ba leka-lekanya motlakase oa lisele-ka har'a-liphutheloana tse ngata tsa lisele, lisele tse ling lia hoholeha ha nako e ntse e ea, BMS ea li lekanya. Ba shebella mocheso, ba thibela ho tjhaja ho feta tekano le ho tenyetseha ho feta tekano, ba buisana ka boemo le sesebelisoa.

Likarolo tse ling tse hokahaneng li utloahala li le monate, empa ho beha leihlo lisebelisoa tsa theko e phahameng hoa utloahala. Basebetsi ba kaho ba ka tseba hore na ke libeteri life tse hlokang ho tjhaja. Beng ba polokelo ea matla a lehae ba ka shebella tlhahiso ea letsatsi le boemo ba betri ha ba ntse ba tsamaea.

Leha ho le joalo, mathata a ts'ireletso a teng. Firmware ea betri e hloka ho ntlafatsoa ka linako tse ling. Haeba tsela eo ea puisano e sa sireletsoa ka nepo, ke ts'oaetso e ka bang teng. Ha se batho ba bangata ba senyang libeteri, empa ka khopolo ho ka khoneha.

Batho ba kopana le libeteri tsa lithium kamehla ntle le ho nahana ka eona. Borashe ba meno ba motlakase ka kamoreng ea ho hlapela. Cordless vacuum cleaner (Dyson V15 e na le 70 Wh). Toche e ka nchafatsoang. Power Bank ka mokotleng oa hau-Anker e etsa mefuta ho tloha ho 10,000 mAh (37 Wh) ho fihla ho 25,000 mAh (90 Wh).

Lintho tsa ho bapala tsa bana li ntse li eketseha. Likoloi tse laolang u le hole,{1}}li-toys tse bobebe, lisebelisoa tsa ho ithuta tsa elektroniki. E otla ho reka libeteri tsa alkaline kamehla.

Lisebelisoa tsa lapeng tse bohlale-Lekoekoe la lemati la video le letsang le na le betri ea lithium e ntšitsoeng. Likh'amera tsa ts'ireletso tsa Arlo li sebelisa libeteri tse nchafatsoang ka likhoeli tse tšoarellang. Li-thermostats tsa Google Nest li na le bekapo libeteri tsa lithium. Liloko tse bohlale tsa August li matha ho lithium AAs.

Mabone a matsatsi a phomolo a ntse a tla chacha. Mabone a likhoele a nang le-libetri tse hahelletsoeng le liphanele tsa letsatsi. Rechargeable LED likerese. Lintho tse khabisitsoeng.

Linyeoe tsa tšebeliso ea litsebi li fapana haholo. Basebetsi ba kaho ba fapanyetsana libeteri tsa Milwaukee kapa tsa DeWalt letsatsi lohle. Warehouse forklifts e tjhaja dibetri tsa lithium ion nakong ya kgefutso{3}}monyetla wa metsotso e 15 wa ho tjhaja dibetri tsa ho tjhaja dihora tse emetseng hore dibeteri tsa lead tsa lead li tjhaje.

Ho amoheloa ha lisebelisoa tsa temo butle empa ho etsahala. John Deere o hlahloba literekere tsa motlakase. Liroboto tse ikemetseng tsa temo hangata li na le motlakase. Sistimi ea ho nosetsa e nang le bekapo ea betri.

Indasteri ea ho hloekisa e amohetse lithium. Li-scrubbers tsa fatše, li-carpet extractors, li hlatsoang khatello ea khoebo-lik'hamphani tse kang Tennant le Karcher li fana ka likhetho tsa lithium. Ho tjhaja kapele, boima bo bobebe, ha ho na betri e nosetsang joalo ka lisistimi tsa khale tsa lead-e hlokahalang.

Libetri lia senyeha. Khemistri ha e tšoarelle ka ho sa feleng. Battery e tloaelehileng ea lithium ion e boloka matla a 80% ka mor'a li-cycle tsa 500-1000, ho itšetlehile ka k'hemistri le mekhoa ea tšebeliso. Tesla e tiisa libeteri tsa bona tsa EV bakeng sa ho boloka 70% lilemong tse 8 / 100,000-150,000 limaele ho latela mohlala.

Mocheso o bolaea libeteri kapele ho feta eng kapa eng. Mocheso o mobe haholo-ho boloka kapa ho sebelisa libeteri tse ka holimo ho 30℃({3}}℃F) khafetsa ho potlakisa ho senyeha. Mohatsela o fokotsa matla a nakoana empa ha o bake tšenyo e sa feleng joalo ka ha mocheso o etsa. Ke ka lebaka leo libetri tsa Phoenix EV li senyehang kapele ho feta libeteri tsa Seattle.

Botsofali ba khalendara le bona ke ba nnete. Libetri li nyenyefatsa esita le ho lula li sa sebelisoe. Li boloke ka tefiso ea 40-50% mochesong o pholileng bakeng sa bophelo bo bolelele ka ho fetisisa. Ho boloka betri ka tefiso ea 100% le 40℃bakeng sa nako e telele ke boemo bo bobe ka ho fetisisa.

Liketsahalo tsa polokeho li etsahala ka seoelo empa li etsa litaba ha li etsahala. Litšitiso tsa tlhahiso li bakile mollo oa Samsung Galaxy Note 7 ka 2016-ba hopotse lifono tse limilione tse 2.5. Li-Hoverboards li ile tsa chesa hangata ka 2015-2016 hoo lifofane li ileng tsa li thibela. Hangata sena se latela litaba tsa taolo ea boleng, tšenyo ea 'mele, kapa ho tjhaja ka tjhaja e fosahetseng.

Ho felloa ke matla ha mocheso-ha seleng e chesa haholo 'me mocheso o etsa hore ho be le lintho tse ling tse hlahisang mocheso o mongata{1}ke mokhoa o ka sehloohong oa ho hloleha ho sebetsa. Libetri tse entsoeng ka nepo li na le likarolo tse ngata tsa polokeho: li-circuits tse fokotsang mocheso, li-fuse tsa mocheso, li-vents tse fokotsang khatello, likarolo tse koalang ka thoko. Libetri tsa theko e tlase li tlola ts'ireletso ena.

Ho lumellana ho ferekanya basebelisi. Letšoao le leng le le leng la sesebelisoa le sebelisa lintlha tse fapaneng tsa mefuta ea betri. Libetri tsa DeWalt ha li kenelle lisebelisoa tsa Milwaukee. Ryobi esale a le bohlale ho boloka sethala sa bona sa One+ se sebetsa ka lilemo{4}}lisebelisoa tsa 2005 tse sebetsang ka libeteri tsa 2025. Empa bahlahisi ba bangata ba batla hore morekisi a notleloe{7}}.

Mehaho ea motheo ea ho tsosolosa e ntse e ntlafala. Li-Cycle, Redwood Materials, le ba bang ba haha libaka tse khethehileng tsa ho sebelisa libeteri tsa lithium. Ba ka fumana 95%+ ea lisebelisoa tsa betri. Empa tsamaiso ea pokello e lula e le phephetso-batho ba lahlela libeteri ka har'a lithōle, e leng se bakang mathata a ho lahlela lithōle.

BMS e bohlokoa empa ha e bonahale. Ka laptop, e beha leihlo sehlopha se seng le se seng sa lisele, e hakanya nako e setseng, e laola sekhahla sa ho tjhaja, e tlaleha bophelo ba betri ho sistimi e sebetsang. E rarahane ho feta kamoo e utloahalang kateng.

Khakanyo ea{{0}ea{1}}ea tefiso e thata ka mokhoa o makatsang. Matla a betri a hokahana le boemo ba tjhaja, empa kamano e fapana le mocheso, mojaro, lilemo tsa betri. BMS e ntle e sebelisa li-algorithms tse rarahaneng ho etsa sena sohle. Ke ka lebaka leo liperesente tsa betri tsa mohala ka linako tse ling li tlohang kapa li theoheng ho sa lebelloa{5}}khakanyo e lokisoa.

Taba ea ho leka-lekanya lisele ka har'a-liphutheloana tsa lisele tse ngata. Lisele ka bomong li na le phapang e fokolang ea bokhoni. Nakong ea ho tjhaja, BMS e ka 'na ea koala maqhubu ho potoloha lisele tse tletseng ho lumella tse fokolang hore li tšoase. Ho leka-lekanya ho sa tloaelehang ho senya matla joalo ka mocheso. Ho leka-lekanya ho sebetsang ho fetisa matla pakeng tsa lisele, ho sebetsa hantle empa ho bitsa chelete e ngata.

Taolo ya thempereichara-BMS e hlokomela mocheso wa selefounu mme e ka fokotsa ditefello tsa tefiso/ho tswella ha dintho di tjhesa haholo. Li-EV li na le taolo e tsoetseng pele ea mocheso o nang le pholiso ea metsi. Lisebelisoa tsa motlakase li itšetlehile feela ka li-cutoffs tsa mocheso.

Liprothokholo tsa puisano-Lichipisi tsa BMS li bua le lisebelisoa tse tsamaisang li sebelisa I2C, SMBus, CAN bese kapa liprothokholo tsa mong'a ntlo. Sena se lumella lisebelisoa ho hlahisa lintlha tse nepahetseng tsa betri le ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso.

Lisebelisoa tsa indasteri li kopanya tlhahlobo ea betri ho litsamaiso tse pharaletseng. Sebaka sa polokelo se ka 'na sa lekola libeteri tsohle tsa forklift bohareng, ho hlophisa libeteri tsa ho tjhaja le ho fana ka libethe tse hlokang tse ling. Tlhokomelo ea esale pele e thehiloeng ho data ea BMS.

Libetri tse tiileng-ke tsona tse halalelang. Kenya sebaka sa electrolyte ea metsi ka thepa e tiileng ea ceramic kapa polymer. Ha ho nahanoa hore e bolokehile{3}}ha ho mokelikeli o ka tukang. Matla a phahameng a matla a khoneha. Toyota e re e tla ba le-libetri tsa 'muso tse tiileng likoloing ka 2027-2028. QuantumScape, Matla a Tiileng, ba bang ba ntlafatsang theknoloji. Empa tlhahiso ka bongata e ntse e sa rarolloe.

Libetri tsa sodium-ion tse sebelisang letsoai ho e-na le lithium{1}}lisebelisoa tse theko e tlaase, mohlomong theko e tlase. CATL e phatlalalitse libeteri tsa sodium{3}}ion tsa khoebo ka 2021. Tšebeliso ea matla e tlase ho feta lithium ion, empa hoo hoa amoheleha bakeng sa polokelo e sa emeng. Northvolt e haha sodium-tlhahiso ea ion Europe.

Lithium{{0}sebabole ha ho nahanoa hore e fana ka matla a phahameng haholo-ho fihla ho 500 Wh/kg khahlano le 250 Wh/kg bakeng sa lithium ion ea hajoale. Empa bophelo ba potoloho bo bile bobe, hangata bo nyenyefatsa kamora 50-100 cycles. Lipatlisiso li ntse li tsoela pele.

Libetri tsa Lithium-moea (lithium{1}}oxyjene) li na le meedi e phahameng le ho feta ya mehopolo{2}}mohlomong 1,000 Wh/kg. Empa e ntse e le litabatabelo tsa laboratori tse nang le mathata a maholo a sebetsang.

What Has Lithium Ion Batteries

Lilemong tse 5-10 tse tlang, lithium ion e tloaelehileng e tla rena. Lintlafatso tse ntseng li eketseha li boloka thepa ea cathode e tlang e betere, li-anode tsa silicon tse nkang graphite (boosting capacity 20-40%), ntlafatso ea ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso e fokotsang litšenyehelo.

Litšenyehelo tsa betri li theohile ka hoo e ka bang 90% ho tloha 2010 ho isa 2023, ho tloha ho $1,100/kWh ho ea ho $130/kWh bakeng sa libeteri tsa EV. Mokhoa oo o ntse o tsoela pele, mohlomong o otla $ 80-100 / kWh ka 2030. Ka theko eo, li-EV li fihla ho lekana litšenyehelo le likoloi tsa khase ntle le lithuso.

Phokotso ea cobalt ke eona ntho e ka sehloohong. Meepo ea Cobalt e na le mathata a litokelo tsa botho le likotsi tsa ketane ea phepelo. Libetri tsa sejoale-joale tsa NMC li sebelisa cobalt e nyane ho feta metsoako ea khale (NMC 811 e na le 80% nickel, 10% manganese, 10% cobalt khahlano le 1: 1: 1 ea khale). Libetri tsa LFP ha li na cobalt ho hang.

Li-anode tsa silicon li ntse li rekisoa hona joale. Sila Nanotechnologies e fana ka lisebelisoa tsa silicon anode ho bahlahisi ba bangata. Panasonic e phatlalalitse libeteri tsa silicon anode bakeng sa tlhahiso. Tesla o se a ntse a sebelisa silicon liseleng tsa bona. Sena se eketsa matla a 10-20% ntle le ho fetola eng kapa eng ka betri.

Potso "ke eng e nang le libeteri tsa lithium ion" e tla ba le karabo e telele le ho feta ka lilemo tse hlano. Mefuta e meng ea lihlahisoa tse tsamaeang ka motlakase. Lisebelisoa tse ling moo lithium ion e tlosang mahlale a khale. Theknoloji e ile ea hōla ka potlako empa e ntse e ntlafala.

Ho utloisisa hore na ke lisebelisoa life tse sebelisang libeteri tsa lithium ho bohlokoa haholo ha re ntse re bokella tse ngata tsa tsona. Malapa a mangata hona joale a na le lisebelisoa tse 20-50 tse ka nchafatsoang hape. Ho tseba seo u nang le sona, mokhoa oa ho se boloka, le nako ea ho se nkela sebaka ho etsa hore matsete ao a tšoarelle nako e telele mme a sebetse hantle.