Melao-motheo ea tlhahlobo le mekhoa ea libeteri tsa motlakase ke efe?
Melao-motheo ea Motheo le Mekhoa ea Teko ea Battery ea Matla
Maemo a mantlha a lik'hemik'hale tsa mehloli ea matla a lik'hemik'hale a kenyelletsa bokhoni, matla a motlakase, ho hanyetsa ka hare,-ho itšehla, ho sebetsa ha polokelo, ts'ebetso ea mocheso o phahameng le o tlase, joalo-joalo. Joalo ka mohloli o tloaelehileng oa motlakase oa lik'hemik'hale, libeteri tsa motlakase li kenyelletsa ts'ebetso ea ho tjhaja le ho ntša motlakase, tšebetso ea potoloho, khatello ea ka hare, joalo-joalo. le tlhahlobo e khethehileng ea matla, matla le liteko tse khethehileng tsa matla, ts'ebetso ea polokelo le{3}}iteko ea ho ipholla, tlhahlobo ea bophelo, tlhahlobo ea ka hare ea matla, tlhahlobo ea khatello ea maikutlo, le tlhahlobo ea polokeho, joalo-joalo.
Ho latela pono ea ts'ebeliso ea koloi ea 'nete, liteko tse ngata tse loketseng tšebeliso ea koloi li etsoa ka pakete ea betri ea motlakase e kentsoeng likoloing tsa motlakase joalo ka ntho ea teko, joalo ka: ho lemoha matla a tsitsitseng, ho lemoha matla a matla, tlhahlobo e khutsitseng, tlhahlobo ea matla a qalang, teko ea ho tjhaja ka potlako, tlhahlobo ea bophelo ba potoloho, tlhahlobo ea polokeho, tlhahlobo ea vibrate ea betri, tlhahlobo ea matla a holimo, tlhahlobo ea matla a sa sebetseng, jj.
(1) Ho Khetholla Bokhoni ba Static Sepheo se seholo sa teko ena ke ho fumana hore betri ea motlakase e na le tefiso le matla a lekaneng ha koloi e ntse e sebelisoa, 'me e ka sebetsa ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng tlas'a litekanyetso le lithempereichara tse fapaneng tse reriloeng esale pele. Mokhoa o ka sehloohong oa teko ke tlhahlobo ea ho ntša butle-butle tlas'a maemo a mocheso a sa khaotseng, 'me ho ntšoa ho felisoa ha motlakase oa betri ea matla a pakete e theohela ho boleng bo behiloeng kapa ho lumellana ha lisele tse le mong ka har'a pakete ea betri ea matla (phapang ea motlakase) e fihla boleng bo behiloeng.
(2) Ho lemoha Matla a MatlaNakong ea ts'ebetso ea koloi ea motlakase, mocheso o sebetsang le tekanyo ea ho tsoa ha betri ea matla e matla. Teko ena e lemoha haholo bokhoni ba pakete ea betri ea matla tlas'a maemo a matla a ho qhala, e bonts'ang haholo matla le bokhoni ba mocheso o fapaneng le litekanyetso tsa ho tsoa. Mokhoa o ka sehloohong oa teko ke ho etsa tlhahlobo ea ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea betri ea motlakase ho sebelisa profaele ea hajoale e reriloeng esale pele kapa profaele ea hajoale e bokelletsoeng ts'ebelisong ea koloi. Boemo ba ho felisoa ha teko bo lokisoa ho ea ka maemo a teko le litšoaneleho tsa betri ea matla, empa ha e le hantle e latela maemo a ho theoha ha motlakase ho boleng bo itseng. Mokhoa ona o ka bonahatsa ka ho toba le ka nepo litlhoko tsa sebele tsa kopo ea likoloi tsa motlakase.
(3) Teko e khutsitsengSepheo sa teko ena ke ho bona tahlehelo ea matla a betri ea pakete ea motlakase ha e sa sebelisoe ka nako e itseng, e sebelisetsoang ho etsisa boemo boo koloi ea motlakase e sa khannoeng ka nako e itseng 'me betiri e siuoa e butsoe-potoloho. Teko e khutsitseng e boetse e tsejoa e le teko-ea ho itlhahloba le ea polokelo, e bolelang bokhoni ba betri ho boloka tjhaji ea eona e bolokiloeng tlas'a maemo a itseng a tikoloho ha e le sebakeng se bulehileng{3}.
(4) Ho qala Tlhahlobo ea Matla Kaha matla a ho qala a koloi a batla a le maholo, e le hore a ikamahanye le ho qala ha koloi tlas'a maemo a fapaneng a mocheso, ho qala liteko tsa matla ho etsoa ho pakete ea betri ea matla ka mocheso o tlase ($ -18\\text{℃}$) le mocheso o phahameng ($ 50\\text{℃}$). Teko ena, ntle le ho lekanyetsoa mocheso oa kamore, hangata e boetse e behiloe ka boleng ba SOC e le ho tseba hore na betri e na le bokhoni bofe ba ho ntša betri libakeng tse fapaneng tsa tefiso. Liteko tse tloaelehileng ke liteko tsa matla tse etsoang ho $90\\%$, $50\\%$, le $20\\%$ SOC.
(5) Teko ea Bokhoni ba ho tjhaja ka potlakoSepheo sa teko ena ke ho lekola bokhoni ba ho tjhaja ka potlako ba betri ka ho etsa{0}}teko e phahameng ea ho tjhaja sephutheloana sa betri ea motlakase, le ho lekola bokhoni ba eona, ho fehla mocheso, le matla a mang a lisebelisoa. Bakeng sa ho tjhaja ka potlako, maemo a USABC a reretsoe hore betri ea SOC e hlaphoheloe ho tloha ho $40\\%$ ho ea ho $80\\%$ ka har'a $15\\text{min}$. Hajoale, maemo a behiloeng ke mokhatlo oa Japane oa CHAdeMO o hloka hore ho tjhaja pakete ea betri ea koloi ea motlakase hoo e ka bang $10\\text{min}$ ho ka netefatsa hore koloi e tsamaea $50\\text{km}$; ho lefisa ho feta $30\\text{min}$ ho ka netefatsa hore koloi e tsamaea $100\\text{km}$.
(6) Teko ea Bophelo ba CycleBophelo ba potoloho ea betri bo ama ka kotloloho ts'ebetso ea moruo ea tšebeliso ea betri. Ha matla a sebele a betri a le tlase ho $ 80\\% $ ea matla a pele kapa matla a lekantsoeng, betri ea matla e nkoa e fihlile qetellong ea bophelo ba eona. Mokhoa o ka sehloohong o sebelisitsoeng tekong ena ke ho etsa lipotoloho tsa tefiso le ho ntša tlas'a maemo a itseng, ho sebelisa palo ea lipotoloho e le index ea bophelo ba eona. Kaha nako ea teko ea bophelo ba betri ea matla e batla e le telele, tlhahlobo hangata e nka likhoeli tse 'maloa kapa selemo. Ka hona, ts'ebetsong e sebetsang, mekhoa ea ho khetholla palo ea lipotoloho tsa liteko, ho lekanya ho fokotseha ha bokhoni, ebe o etsa extrapolation e thehiloeng ho data ena hangata e sebelisoa bakeng sa tlhahlobo. Lefapheng la lipatlisiso, molemong oa ho khutsufatsa nako ea teko ea matla a betri, ho ntse ho etsoa liphuputso mabapi le ho potlakisa botsofali ba betri ka ho eketsa mocheso oa teko le litekanyetso tsa tefiso / tsa ho lahla ho lekola bophelo ba libeteri tsa matla le lipakete tsa betri ea matla.
(7) Teko ea TšireletsehoTs'ebetso ea polokeho ea betri e bolela tlhahlobo ea kotsi e ka bang teng ho batho le lisebelisoa tse ka bakoang ke polokelo le tšebeliso ea libeteri tsa polokelo. Haholo-holo ha betri e sebelisoa hampe, ho kenya matla ka ho khetheha ho etsa hore lisebelisoa tsa ka hare tsa betri li be le liphetoho tsa 'mele kapa tsa lik'hemik'hale tse hlahisang mocheso o mongata. Haeba mocheso o sa khone ho qhaloa ka nako, sena se ka lebisa ho felisoe ke mocheso oa betri. Ho baleha ha mocheso ho ka etsa hore betri e be matla, e hlahise khase e tukang, e phatlohe, e robehe, 'me e felehetsoe ke mollo, e leng se bakang likotsi tsa polokeho. Har'a mehloli e mengata ea matla a lik'hemik'hale, polokeho ea libeteri tsa lithium{4}}e bohlokoa haholo. Lintho tse tloaelehileng tsa tlhahlobo ea polokeho bakeng sa libeteri tsa matla li bontšoa ho Lethathamo la 6-1.
Lethathamo la 6-1 Lintho tse Tloaelehileng tsa Teko ea Tšireletso bakeng sa Libetri tsa Matla
| Sehlopha | Mekhoa e ka Sehloohong ea Teko |
| Teko ea Ts'ebetso ea Motlakase | Tlhōrō e feteletseng,{0}}ho ntša metsi, nako e khuts'oane ea kantle, ho ntša metsi a chesang, joalo-joalo. |
| Teko ea Mechini | Ho oa mahala, tšusumetso, extrusion, vibrate, extrusion, joalo-joalo. |
| Teko ea Mocheso | Ho chesa, ho nahana ka mocheso, ho tšoha ha mocheso, ho fetoha ha mocheso, joalo-joalo. |
| Teko ea Tikoloho | Ketsiso ea vacuum, ho qoelisoa, mongobo, joalo-joalo. |
(8) Teko ea Vibration ea BatterySepheo sa teko ena ke ho lemoha tšusumetso ea ho thothomela khafetsa le ho ts'oha ho bakoang ke litsela ts'ebetsong le bophelo ba libeteri tsa motlakase le liphutheloana tsa betri ea motlakase. Teko ea ho sisinyeha ha betri haholo-holo e lekola ho tšoarella ha betri ea matla (pakete) mme e sebelisa sena e le motheo oa ho tataisa ntlafatso ea moralo oa betri ea matla (pakete). Ho na le mefuta e 'meli ea ho sisinyeha ha tlhahlobo ea vibrate: ho sisinyeha ha sinusoidal kapa vibrate e sa reroang. Kaha lipakete tsa betri tsa motlakase li sebelisoa haholo likoloing, ho sisinyeha ho sa reroang hangata ho amoheloa ho etsisa maemo a ts'ebetso ea betri hamolemo.
Lintlha tse ka holimo ke tse ling tsa litlhoko tse akaretsang tsa ho lekola libeteri tsa motlakase (lipakete). Litekanyetso tse ikhethileng le litlhoko tsa tlhahlobo li tla fapana ho latela mofuta oa betri ea matla. Letlapa la 6-2 le bonts'a litlhoko tsa ts'ebetso ea polokeho le mekhoa ea tekolo bakeng sa lipakete tsa libeteri tsa lithium-ion le lisebelisoa tse sebelisoang likoloing tsa motlakase.
Lethathamo la 6-2 Litlhoko tsa Ts'ebetso ea Polokeho le Mekhoa ea Tekolo bakeng sa Liphutheloana tsa Battery tsa Lithium-ion le Litsamaiso tsa Likoloi tsa Motlakase.
| Ntho | Sehlopha | Mokhoa oa Teko | Litlhoko tsa Polokeho |
| Teko e Tloaelehileng ea Tšireletseho (Letlapa la 6-1) | Teko ea Ts'ebetso ea Motlakase | Tlhōrō e feteletseng,{0}}ho ntša metsi, nako e khuts'oane ea kantle, ho ntša metsi a chesang, joalo-joalo. | N/A |
| Teko ea Mechini | Ho oa mahala, tšusumetso, extrusion, vibrate, extrusion, joalo-joalo. | N/A | |
| Teko ea Mocheso | Ho chesa, ho nahana ka mocheso, ho tšoha ha mocheso, ho fetoha ha mocheso, joalo-joalo. | N/A | |
| Teko ea Tikoloho | Ketsiso ea vacuum, ho qoelisoa, mongobo, joalo-joalo. | N/A | |
| Polokeho ea Battery ea EV Li{0}ion (Letlapa la 6-2) | Ho thothomela | 1. Ntho ea Tekolo: Battery Pack kapa System. 1. Sheba litlhoko tsa ho hloma koloi le GB/T 2423.43-2008, instola tafoleng ea vibrate. Lekola ka litsela tse 3 ($Y \\ho ea X \\ho ea Z$). Ts'ebetso e bua ka GB/T 2423.56-2018. 2. Bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa 'mele o tlase, litekanyetso tsa teko ho latela 7.1.1.2 ho GB/T 31467.3-2015. 3. Nako ea teko ke $2\\text{h}$ ho latela tsela (e ka fokotsoa ho $0.5\\text{h}$). $2\\text{h}$ e dumeletsweng nakong kapa ka mora $30\\text{min}${15}} Hlokomela bonyane ba boemo ba yuniti ya ho beha leihlo (voltage, resistance, temp){16}} Sheba $2\\text{h}$ nakong ya teko{18}Bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki:ke. Ka pele-e phahamisitsoe: Teko ho ea ka 7.1.1.2.1 ho GB/T 31467.3-2015. Libaka tse ling: Teko ka GB/T 28046.3-2011. $2\\text{h}$ ka litsela tse fapaneng tsa $Z$-axis. Lintho tsa morao-rao: mokhoa oa ho hlasimolla o etsoang. ii. Sebetsa ka $3.2$ mode ka GB/T 28046.1-2011. | Pakete ea betri kapa sistimi e tlameha: E se be le ho senyeha ha motlakase sebakeng sa bonyane sa tlhahlobo ($< 0.5\text{V}$), remain intact, structure sound, no leakage, no rupture, fire, or explosion. Insulation resistance $\ge 100\text{Ω}/\text{V}$ within $30\text{min}$ after test. Electronic devices: Reliable connection, structure sound, no disconnection. Post-test parameters meet Table 1 in GB/T 31467.3-2015. |
| Tšisinyeho ea Mechini | 1. Sesebediswa sa Teko: Pakete ya Betri kapa Seseteme{1}} Sheba 7.2 Shock $25\\text{g}\\text{-}15\\text{ms}$ half-sine pulse in GB/T 31467.3-2015, $3$s shocks in $Y$2000 $000,5$ | Ha ho na ho lutla, ho phatloha ha bokantle, mollo, kapa ho phatloha. Khanyetso ea insulation $\\ge 100\\text{Ω}/\\text{V}$. | |
| Theoha | 1. Sepheo sa Teko: Betri Pack kapa Sistimi{1}} Theohela ho $1\\text{m}$ ho ea mobung o thata ho ea moo ho ka etsahalang hore e theohe (ho seng joalo, tsela e tsitsitseng ea ho theoha, $X$-teko ea axis), hlokomela $2\\text{h}$. | Ha ho senotlolo sa hona joale, ho phahama ha motlakase kapa ho lutla, ho phatloha ha lekese la kantle, mollo, kapa ho phatloha. Khanyetso ea insulation $\\ge 100\\text{Ω}/\\text{V}$ kamora tlhahlobo. | |
| E fetela | 1. Sepheo sa Teko: Pakete ea Betri kapa Seseteme{1}} Sheba 7.3.2 ka GB/T 31467.3-2015: $90\\text{℃}$ tilt bakeng sa $6\\text{h}$, ebe $90\\text{℃}$ increments, tšoara $1\\text increments{3}$ $1\\text{3}$ e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe{3} Shebella $2\\text{h}$. 3. Fetolela $360\\text{℃}$ ho pota $X$-axis at $6\\text{℃}/\\text{s}$, ebe $90\\text{℃}$ increments, tšoara $1\\text{h}$ ka mong, $360\\text{ degree} Ela hloko $2\\text{h}$. 4. Fetoha $360\\text{℃}$ around $Y$-axis at $6\\text{℃}/\\text{s}$, ebe $90\\text{℃}$ increments, tšoara $1\\text{h}$$360\\text{℃}$ rotation e emisitsoe. Sheba $2\\mongolo{h}$. | Ha ho ho lutla, ho phatloha ha casing ka ntle, mollo, kapa ho phatloha, boloka khokahano e tšepahalang. Khanyetso ea insulation $\\ge 100\\text{Ω}/\\text{V}$ kamora tlhahlobo. | |
| Boholo ba Gradient | 1. Ntho ea Teko: Battery Pack kapa System. 2. E behiloe ka holimo ho teroli. Pheta molumo o boletsoeng ho Fig 3 ea Letlapa la 7 ho SAE J2380 kapa GB/T 31467.3-2015 (hammoho le $X$-axis $5\\text{s}$, hammoho $Y${11}}axis $5\\text{s}$) ho ea ho $Y${s}$) ho ea holimo (Y$) $2\\mongolo{h}$. | Ha ho na ho lutla, ho phatloha ha bokantle, mollo, kapa ho phatloha. Khanyetso ea insulation $\\ge 100\\text{Ω}/\\text{V}$ kamora tlhahlobo. | |
| Qhata | 1. Test Object: Battery Pack or System. 2. Crush conditions: ① Crushing surface: $12.5\text{mm}$ diameter semi-cylinder, length $>$ bophara. ② Tsela: $X$-axis, $Y$-axis. ③ Qobella: Ho qala $200\\text{kN}$ kapa u emise ho $30\\%$ deformation. ④ Sheba $1\\mongolo{h}$. ⑤ Tšoara $10\\text{min}$. | Ha ho dutla, mollo, kapa ho phatloha. Khanyetso ea insulation $\\ge 100\\text{Ω}/\\text{V}$ kamora tlhahlobo. Ha ho mollo kapa ho phatloha (bakeng sa sehlopha sa bobeli sa litlhoko). | |
| Mocheso o Tsoha | 1. Ntho ea Teko: Pakete ea Betri kapa Seseteme{1}} Thempereichara e 'ngoe $(-40\\pm2)\\text{℃}$, nako e ka holimo ho $30\\text{min}$ e feteletseng. Lula u le boemong bo bong le bo bong ka $6\\text{h}$, $5$ liseekele. Ela hloko $2\\text{h}$ ka mocheso oa kamore. | Ha ho na ho lutla, ho phatloha ha bokantle, mollo, kapa ho phatloha. Khanyetso ea insulation $\\ge 100\\text{Ω}/\\text{V}$ kamora tlhahlobo. | |
| Mocheso oa Mocheso | 1. Ntho ea Teko: Battery Pack kapa System{1}} Sheba GB/T 2423.4-2018 Teko ea $Db$ ea mocheso o mongobo. Setšoantšo sa 4 ho GB/T 31467.3-2015 ($80\\text{℃}$ max temp), $5$ cycles. Ela hloko $2\\text{h}$ ka mocheso oa kamore. | Ha ho na ho lutla, ho phatloha ha bokantle, mollo, kapa ho phatloha. Ho hanyetsa mohatsela $\\ge 100\\text{Ω}/\\text{V}$ ka tlase ho $30\\text{min}$ ka mor'a tlhahlobo. | |
| Ho qoelisoa ka Metsing a Leoatle | 1. Ntho ea Tekolo: Battery Pack kapa System{1}} E tlanngoe ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng ka lithapo tse hoketsoeng, qoelisa ka $3.5\\%$ NaCl solution (metsi a leoatle) bakeng sa $2\\text{h}$ ho feta sebaka sa sebele sa lipalangoang. Emisa ka foromo ea hydraulic valve. | Ha ho mollo kapa ho phatloha. | |
| Mollo oa kantle | 1. Sepheo sa Teko: Battery Pack kapa System{1}} Sheba 7.10 External Fire ho GB/T 31467.3-2015. | Ha ho mollo kapa ho phatloha. Haeba lelakabe le hlaha, le tlameha ho tima ka hare ho $2\\text{min}$ ka mor'a hore ho tlosoe mohloli oa mollo. | |
| Letsoai Spray | 1. Ntho ea Teko: Battery Pack kapa System{1}} Sheba 7.11 Salt Spray ho GB/T 31467.3-2015. | Ha ho na ho lutla, ho phatloha ha bokantle, mollo, kapa ho phatloha. | |
| Boemo bo Phahameng | 1. Ntho ea Tekolo: Battery Pack kapa System{1}} Altitude $4000\\text{m}$ kapa khatello e lekanang le eona, thempereichara ea kamore{3}} E bolokoa ka $5\\text{h}$ sebakeng sa teko ho ea ka 7.12.2 ea GB/T 31467.3-2015 (\\text {C}$1, ebe e lokolloa ka $1 $ $400\\text{A}$) kapa ho khaola. Sheba $2\\mongolo{h}$. | Ha ho senotlolo sa hona joale, ho phahama ha motlakase kapa ho lutla, ho phatloha ha lekese la kantle, mollo, kapa ho phatloha. Khanyetso ea insulation $\\ge 100\\text{Ω}/\\text{V}$ kamora tlhahlobo. | |
| Tšireletso e Fetang{0}mocheso | 1. Ntho ea Tekolo: Sisteme ea Battery{1}} Sheba 7.13 Ho Feta{3}}Ts'ireletso ea Mocheso ho GB/T 31467.3-2015. | BMS e tla sebetsa. Ha ho na khase e lutlang, ho phatloha ha khase e ka ntle, mollo, kapa ho phatloha. Khanyetso ea insulation $\\ge 100\\text{Ω}/\\text{V}$ kamora tlhahlobo. | |
| Tšireletso e Khutšoanyane ea Potoloho | 1. Sepheo sa Teko: Sisteme ea Betri{1}} Sheba 7.14 Tšireletso e Khutšoane ea Potoloho ho GB/T 31467.3-2015. | Sesebelisoa sa ts'ireletso se tla sebetsa. Ha ho na ho lutla, ho phatloha ha bokantle, mollo, kapa ho phatloha. Khanyetso ea insulation $\\ge 100\\text{Ω}/\\text{V}$ kamora tlhahlobo. | |
| Tšireletso e Felletseng | 1. Sepheo sa Teko: Sisteme ea Betri{1}} Sheba 7.15 Tšireletso ea Tefo e Fetang ho GB/T 31467.3-2015. | BMS e tla sebetsa. Ha ho na khase e lutlang, ho phatloha ha khase e ka ntle, mollo, kapa ho phatloha. Khanyetso ea insulation $\\ge 100\\text{Ω}/\\text{V}$ kamora tlhahlobo. | |
| Ho feta-Tshireletso ea ho tlosa | 1. Sepheo sa Teko: Sisteme ea Battery{1}} Sheba 7.16 Over{3}}Tsireletso ea ho qhala ho GB/T 31467.3-2015. | BMS e tla sebetsa. Ha ho na khase e lutlang, ho phatloha ha khase e ka ntle, mollo, kapa ho phatloha. Khanyetso ea insulation $\\ge 100\\text{Ω}/\\text{V}$ kamora tlhahlobo. |
Ela hloko: Lethathamo la 6-2 haholo-holo litšupiso GB/T 31467.3-2015, GB/T 2423.43-2008, GB/T 2423.56-2018, le GB/T 28046.1-2011.
